RCRA waste number P006
Aluminium phosphide
CAS: 20859-73-8
Molecular Formula: AlP
RCRA waste number P006 - Names and Identifiers
RCRA waste number P006 - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | AlP |
| Molar Mass | 57.96 |
| Density | 2.42 |
| Melting Point | 2000℃ |
| Water Solubility | reacts with H2O to produce phosphine [MER06] |
| Appearance | green or yellow cubic crystals |
| Color | Green or yellow |
| Stability | Flammable solid. Contact with acids liberates highly toxic gas (phosphine). Incompatible with acids, moisture, oxidizing agents. |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Light yellow or gray-green square crystalline powder, no smell. |
| Use | Insecticides, mainly used for granary fumigation |
RCRA waste number P006 - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R15/29 - R28 - Very Toxic if swallowed R32 - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms |
| Safety Description | S3/9/14 - S30 - Never add water to this product. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
| UN IDs | 1397 |
| Hazard Class | 4.3 |
| Packing Group | I |
RCRA waste number P006 - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Phosphorus,red Aluminum |
RCRA waste number P006 - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
- pure white crystals, industrial products are gray-green or brown solid, tasteless. The relative density of 2. 424, does not melt, heat to 1100 deg C sublimation. It is more stable under dry conditions, and easy to absorb water under humid conditions. The rate of hygroscopic decomposition depends on temperature and humidity. 25 degrees C and relative humidity of 75% ~ General case after 2~3 days can be decomposed. It takes 5~6 days when the temperature is below 15 ℃ and the relative humidity is below 10%.
- The phosphine gas is colorless and has a different odor of calcium carbide or garlic. Density 185, boiling point -87.4 ℃. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether, slightly heavier than air. It is easy to burn in air, and when the concentration in air reaches 26g/mz, it burns when exposed to fire. In case of acid or water and moisture, can occur violent reaction, release highly toxic spontaneous combustion of phosphine gas, when the temperature exceeds 60 ℃ will immediately spontaneous combustion in the air. Strong reactions with oxidants can occur, causing combustion or explosion.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
RCRA waste number P006 - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
after red phosphorus and aluminum powder are mixed, aluminum phosphide is obtained by high temperature calcination.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:02
RCRA waste number P006 - Use
Open Data Verified Data
is a broad-spectrum fumigation insecticide, rodenticide, because it is very easy to absorb water in the air, the decomposition of phosphine gas on pests, mites and rodents from fumigation and poisoning, can directly kill all kinds of stored grain pests, especially for the Valley, acaroid and other control effect is very prominent, and can kill the warehouse rats. On the family, the store items of mites, lice, fur, feather worm, or to avoid pest damage, can also be used aluminum phosphide fumigation. However, in recent years, more and more attention has been paid to environmental protection at home and abroad, and there has been a growing demand to reduce and ban the use of highly toxic fumigants. Hydrogen cyanide, methyl bromide and aluminum phosphide have been banned, in addition, improper operation of aluminum phosphide is easy to cause fire, so aluminum phosphide is one of the pesticides that are currently prohibited.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:02
RCRA waste number P006 - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
highly toxic insecticide. Aluminum phosphide is relatively safe to humans and animals under dry conditions, and the absorption of moisture can explain the release of phosphine gas by itself, and phosphine is toxic. People in the content of O. Olmg/L in the air, will be very dangerous; The content of 0. 14mg/L when the human Dyspnea, so as to die. The maximum allowable concentration is 0.1 mg/m3 in Germany and 0.3 mg/ma in the United States. This product is poisoned by water or acid to produce phosphine. Inhalation of phosphine gas caused dizziness, Head Pain, Nausea, Fatigue, loss of appetite, chest tightness and upper abdominal pain. Severe cases have toxic mental symptoms, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, liver, kidney and myocardial damage, heart rhythm disorders. Oral production of Phosphine Poisoning. Should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. Packaging is required to be sealed and not to be in contact with air. Prevent moisture and rain. The relative humidity was maintained below 75%. Should be stored separately from oxidants and acids. During handling, the package should be kept intact to prevent leakage. Transport is not recommended in rainy days. Fire, can use dry sand, stone powder, dry powder, carbon dioxide fire; Disabled acid and alkali, foam and water extinguishing agent.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:07:03
RCRA waste number P006 - materialized information
aluminum phosphide properties
Melting point 2000 ℃
Density 2.42
Form green or yellow cubic crystals
Color Green or yellow
Water solubility reacts with H2O to produce phosphine [MER06]
Crystal structure Cubic, Sphalerite Structure - Space Group F(-4)3m
Stability Flammable solid. Contact with acids liberates highly toxic gas (phosphine). Incompatible with acids, moisture, oxidizing agents.
CAS database 20859-73-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemical Information Aluminum monophosphide(20859-73-8)
EPA Chemical Information Aluminum phosphide (20859-73-8)
uses and synthesis methods of aluminum phosphide
Product characteristics Aluminum phosphide tablets are gray-black solids with white spots, and the appearance of the powder is gray-green. The product is easy to absorb moisture in the air, decompose and release high-efficiency and highly toxic phosphine gas. Each gram of aluminum phosphide tablet can produce about 1 gram of phosphine gas. When the air contains 0.01 mg of phosphine per liter, it is lethal to pests. It is widely used to fumigate pests in grains, seeds, medicinal materials, feed, tobacco and other items, it can also be used for fumigation and insecticide in silos, warehouses, containers, factories, storage rooms, railway carriages, trucks, ships and other spaces.
Fumigation aluminum phosphide in warehouses and tents to control various stored grain pests and mites, but not to poison mites during dormant period. It has a wide range of applications and is not affected by temperature. It can not only fumigate raw grains and finished grains, but also fumigate crop seeds and various storage equipment. Phosphine gas is easy to diffuse in the air. Fumigation warehouses can generally be dispersed within 24 to 28 hours without affecting the color, taste and food hygiene of the grain. The germination rate of fumigated seeds is not affected within the prescribed dose and within the airtight days. It is also used for field and warehouse fumigation and rodent control.
Fumigation in the warehouse. Generally, 6-9 grams of tablets or 4-6 grams of powder are applied per cubic meter of grain pile, or 5-10 tablets per ton of grain. Bagged raw grains, push a medicinal stick into the middle of the bag; if a large amount of bagged raw grains are smoked, 10 tablets per ton of grain can be scattered in the gaps of the grain bag or in the bamboo trough on the ground. If it is a large pile of grain in bulk, spread the calculated tablets on the surface of the grain pile. When fumigating flour, put the tablets in the gap between the flour bag, but not directly into the bag, so as not to pollute the flour. If you fumigate beans sealed from jars and urns, take one tablet every 150~300kg and smoke for 72 hours. The closed condition of the warehouse is good, and the dosage can be less. If the closed condition is poor, the dosage can be more. In empty storage, 3~6 grams of tablets or 2~4 grams of powder are used per cubic meter. The fumigation time should be determined according to the temperature, at 12~15 ℃, fumigation for 5 days; 16~20 ℃, fumigation for 4 days; above 20 ℃, fumigation for 3 days; above 28 ℃, the time for fumigation of seeds should be shorter, So as not to affect seed germination. After fumigation, ventilation and gas dispersion for 5~6 days, the poison gas can completely disappear, and the remaining small amount of residue is non-toxic aluminum hydroxide, which does not need to be removed. Aluminum phosphide is most suitable for food and commodities with a long storage period. Due to the long time required to exert the efficacy, it is generally not used for quarantine emergency treatment.
Open-air tent fumigation. Generally, 10-12 tablets per ton of grain are used. Store in the open air, spread the tablets on the grain pile, or put them in the bamboo trough at the bottom of the store, and cover the plastic tent. If it is a large amount of bagged grain, spread the tablets between the gaps in the accumulated grain bags, or insert one tablet of medicine into every 100kg of bagged grain, and then cover it with a tabernacle. The place around which it is in contact with the ground is tightly pressed with masonry or with mud. Fumigation time is the same as warehouse fumigation.
Rodent control. The use of aluminum phosphide to kill rats is the characteristic that the produced phosphine gas has a larger specific gravity than air. The gas can go deep into the rodent nest, and it can often get twice the result with half the effort for a hole of rats or rats in the lactation stage. Generally, 0.5~1 tablet is used for each hole. For example, if the rat hole is large and the hole is large, one tablet can be added. Use a small spoon to send the tablet into the hole, and block the hole with soil. For example, after the tablet is put into the rat hole, add a small amount of water to quickly decompose the tablet and release phosphine, which has faster drug effect and better deratization effect.
Aluminum phosphide (English Aluminum phosphide), also known as phosphorus poison net, is an efficient insecticide. There are two kinds of powder and tablet, and tablets are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine warehouses.
Because the phosphine produced by the decomposition of aluminum phosphide tablets is a highly toxic gas, the toxicity to humans and animals mainly affects the central nervous system, and the damage is rapid and serious; followed by the respiratory, cardiovascular system and liver. When the air contains phosphine 0.002~0.004mg/L, you can smell the odor; when the content per liter reaches 0.01mg, it is very dangerous for people; when it reaches 0.14mg, it quickly makes people have difficulty breathing, lose consciousness, and spasm., The pulse accelerates, and the internal organs have steatosis, leading to death.
The use method of insecticidal aluminum phosphide in the traditional Chinese medicine warehouse is to cover the stacked medicine pile with multiple layers of sacks, then apply aluminum phosphide on the sacks, and immediately seal the warehouse or cover the tent with plastic film for fumigation. The application dose is 5~7g per cubic meter of warehouse space. Generally, after administration, the insecticidal effect can be achieved by sealing for 3~5 days. The airtight time is related to the change of temperature. When the temperature is 12 ℃ ~ 15 ℃, it should be airtight for 5 days; when it is 16 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, it should be airtight for 4 days; when it is above 20 ℃, it should be airtight for 3 days.
Note When the concentration of phosphine in the air (25 ℃) reaches 26g/m3, it will cause phosphine to burn or explode. Therefore, the dosage of each application point shall not exceed 90g; The tent shall not cover the application dish to prevent the air from circulating and the local range from reaching the above concentration. Avoid using aluminum phosphide in the open air to prevent rainwater from rushing into the tent and causing explosion accidents in case of severe decomposition of aluminum phosphide.
Opening the iron cylinder containing aluminum phosphide tablets is best carried out in an outdoor ventilated place. People should stand in the upper hand and wear gas masks or gas masks and rubber gloves. After the aluminum phosphide is opened in the barrel, if the amount remains at one time, it shall be tightly tied with a plastic bag in the original barrel, and the barrel mouth shall be sealed with gummed paper.
Leak detection, check whether phosphine leaks, can be tested with 10% silver nitrate test paper, the leak test paper is black. Clamp or seal the leak. The chemical reaction formula is: PH3 3AgNO3 ─ & rarr;3HNO3 Ag3P↓ (black)
Ventilation and poisoning. You should choose to open the doors and windows in the warehouse on a windy sunny day. When ventilating, you should bring a gas mask, quickly collect the residue in a container, and bury it deep in the ground. The residue should be powdery. If there are particles or pieces, do not bury it deep, and move it into other fumigation piles to continue decomposition. The removed tabernacle should be blown out at the air circulation. Normal operation will be carried out only when phosphine residue cannot be detected after 3 days of ventilation in the warehouse.
Poisoning treatment After admission, the poisoned person should immediately wash the skin of the whole body, change clothes, inhale oxygen, apply corticosteroids, and intravenous polarization solution to protect the heart, liver and kidney functions, and prevent pulmonary edema. Regardless of inhalation or oral poisoning, do not use pralidoxime or chlorophanine treatment.
Immediately after toxic poisoning, there will be retrosternal pain, epigastric pain, general fever, burning, loss of consciousness, and blood pressure drop. It should be strictly prevented from sucking into the human body and avoid contact with the skin.
The whole production process should be completely sealed and well ventilated. Production workers should wear protective equipment. In case of phosphine gas leakage, a gas mask must be worn immediately for treatment.
Chemical properties light yellow or gray green square crystalline powder, no smell. Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in ethanol and ether.
The use is fumigation insecticide, which can fumigate raw grains and finished grains, as well as seed grains and various storage equipment. It is also used in other closed places to kill insects, rat holes to kill rats and tree trunks to kill longicorn beetles. The dosage of grain fumigation is 10~30 g/t grain; The general dosage for warehouse fumigation is 1~4 tablets/m3.
Use insecticide, mainly used for granary fumigation
Production method The synthesis method uniformly mixes red phosphorus and aluminum powder according to the ratio of ingredients and then ignites and burns, and reacts to generate aluminum phosphide. The reactants are crushed and then added with the human slow-release agent ammonium carbamate and binder, and then mixed and pressed to produce aluminum phosphide finished products. Its
Pa 4Al→4AlP
Category Water Flammable Articles
Toxicity classification is highly toxic
Acute toxicity oral-human TDL0: 21 mg/kg; oral-rat TDL0: 10 mg/kg
The hazardous characteristics of flammability are flammable when exposed to water; flammable and highly toxic phosphine gas is produced in the air and in acid and aquatic products
Storage and transportation characteristics The warehouse is ventilated and dry at low temperature; stored separately from acid
Fire extinguishing agent dry sand, dry powder
Occupational standard TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3; TWA 2 mg/m3
security information
Dangerous goods mark f, t, n
Hazard category code 15/29-28-32-50
Safety instructions 3/9/14-30-36/37-45-61
Dangerous goods transportation number 1397
HazardClass 4.3
PackingGroup I
first aid measures for aluminum phosphide pesticide poisoning
Poisoning symptoms The symptoms after poisoning are dizziness, headache, chest tightness, nausea, dizziness, weakness, muscle tremor, dyspnea, etc.
First aid treatment with a lot of soapy water and water to wash the skin and eyes, no specific antidote, symptomatic treatment, pay attention to protect the heart and liver.
Precautions [1] after fumigation of grain and oil, the gas can be dispersed for at least 10 days before leaving the warehouse [2] phosphine is corrosive to metals such as gold, silver and steel [3] during fumigation, the distance between the tablets and the tablets is more than 2cm [4] this agent is easy to absorb moisture and release highly toxic phosphine gas, and inhalation of toxic gas
upstream and downstream product information of aluminum phosphide
Upstream raw material red phosphorus --> aluminum --> ammonium carbamate --> slow release agent
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
RCRA waste number P006 - Reference Information
| crystal Structure | Cubic, sphaloride Structure - Space Group F(-4)3M |
| NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Product characteristics | aluminum phosphide tablets are gray-black solid with white spots, and the powder is gray-green in appearance. The product is easy to absorb moisture in the air, decomposition and release of highly toxic phosphine gas, each gram of aluminum phosphide tablets can produce about 1 gram of phosphine gas, when the air contains 0.01 mg of phosphine per liter, it has a lethal effect on pests and is widely used for steaming pests in food, seeds, medicinal materials, feed, tobacco and other items. It can also be used in silos, warehouses, containers, factories, storage rooms, railway cars, fumigation of trucks, ships and other spaces to kill insects and rodents. |
| fumigation | fumigation of aluminum phosphide in the warehouse and curtain to control all kinds of stored grain pests and mites, but can not poison the dormant mites. Wide range of applications, not affected by temperature, not only can fumigation of the raw grain, grain, and fumigation of crop seeds and a variety of storage equipment. Phosphine gas is easy to diffuse in the air, the warehouse after fumigation, generally in 24~28 hours can be scattered, does not affect the food color, taste and food hygiene. The germination rate of fumigated seeds was not affected within the prescribed dose and closed days. Also used for field and warehouse fumigation of rats. Fumigation in warehouse. General per cubic meter of grain heap application of tablets 6~9 grams or powder 4~6 grams, or 5~10 per ton of grain calculation. Bag the raw grain, push 1 piece of medicinal wood stick to the middle part of the bag; If smoked a large number of bag of raw grain, can be 10 tablets per ton of grain drug spread in the grain bag of the gap between or in the ground of the bamboo trough. If it is a large pile of grain in bulk, the calculated tablets are scattered on the surface of the grain. Fumigation of flour, the tablets scattered in the gap between the flour bag, but not directly into the bag, so as not to contaminate the flour. If fumigation jar, VAT sealed beans, every 150~300 1 tablet, smoked 72 hours. Warehouse closed condition is good, the dosage can be less; If the sealing condition is poor, the dosage can be more. For empty bin treatment, 3-6 grams of tablets or 2-4 grams of powder per cubic meter are used. Fumigation time should be based on the temperature, at 12~15 ℃, smoked for 5 days; 16~20 ℃, smoked for 4 days; 20 ℃ or more, smoked for 3 days; 28 degrees Celsius, smoked seeds to shorter time, so as not to affect the seed germination. At the end of fumigation, ventilation scattered gas 5~6 days, the toxic gas can be completely disappeared, the remaining small amount of residue is non-toxic aluminum hydroxide, do not need to remove. Aluminum phosphide is most suitable for long storage period of food and commodities, due to the efficacy of the required time is longer, generally not used for Quarantine emergency treatment. Outdoor curtain fumigation. General use of 10~12 tablets per ton of grain. In the open air, put the tablets scattered on the grain surface, or put them in the bottom bamboo trough, and cover the plastic curtain. In the case of a large amount of bagged grain, put the tablets scattered between the gaps of the accumulated grain bags, or insert one pill per 100 of bagged grain and cover it with a curtain, All places in contact with the ground shall be compacted with masonry or with mud. The fumigation time was the same as the warehouse fumigation. Deratization. The use of aluminum phosphide rodent control is the use of phosphine gas than the specific gravity of air characteristics. Gas can go deep into the cavity of rats, and it can often get twice the result with half the effort for a hole of rats or rodents in the lactation stage. Generally, 0.5~1 tablet per hole, such as rat hole size, and 1 tablet can be added as needed. Put the tablets into the cavity with a small spoonful and seal the hole with soil. For example, after the tablets are put into the rat hole, a small amount of water is added to cause the tablets to rapidly decompose and release phosphine, which has faster efficacy and better rodent control effect. |
| Traditional Chinese medicine warehouse insecticidal | Aluminum phosphide (English Aluminum phosphide), also known as phosphorus poison Net, is a highly efficient insecticide. There are two kinds of powder and tablet, the traditional Chinese medicine warehouse commonly used tablets. Since the decomposition of aluminum phosphide tablets phosphine is a highly toxic gas, the toxicity of human and livestock is mainly in the central nervous system, which is quick and serious, followed by respiratory, cardiovascular system and liver. When the air contains phosphine 0.002~0.004mg/L, can smell the smell; Per liter content of 0.01mg to people is very dangerous; Reached 0.14mg, then quickly make people Dyspnea, loss of consciousness, spasm occurs, the pulse is accelerated, fatty degeneration of internal organs occurs, so that death. The method of using insecticidal aluminum phosphide in traditional Chinese medicine warehouse is to cover the stacked drug stack with multi-layer hemp bag, then apply aluminum phosphide on the hemp bag, immediately seal the warehouse or cover the bag with plastic film for fumigation. Dosage, according to the warehouse space per cubic meter with 5~7G, the general dosage, closed for 3~5 days, can achieve the insecticidal effect. The sealing time is related to the change of temperature. When the temperature is 12 ℃ ~ 15 ℃, it should be sealed for 5 days; When the temperature is 16 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, it should be sealed for 4 days; should be sealed for 3 days above 20 ℃. |
| note | when the concentration of phosphine in air (25 ℃) reaches 26g/m3, it will cause the combustion or explosion of phosphine. Therefore, the dosage of each drug application point should not exceed 90g; The curtain drop shall not cover the drug application dish to prevent the air from not circulating, so that the local range reaches the above concentration; Avoid using aluminum phosphide in the open air, to prevent the explosion accident caused by the severe decomposition of aluminum phosphide when the rain water is washed into the curtain. Open the iron cylinder containing aluminum phosphide tablets, preferably in the outdoor ventilation place, people standing on the upper hand, and to wear a gas mask or respirator and rubber gloves. After opening the barrel of aluminum phosphide, the remaining amount should be tightly tied with plastic bags in the original barrel, and the barrel mouth should be sealed with adhesive tape. Leak Detection, check for phosphine leakage, can be used for 10% silver nitrate test paper test, the leakage of the test paper is black. Press or seal the leak. The chemical reaction formula was: PH3 3AgNO3-→ 3HNO3 ag3p↓ (black). Should choose in the wind of the sunny day, the library of doors and windows open. When ventilating, you should wear a gas mask, quickly collect the residue in a container, buried in the ground, the residue should be powder, if there are particles or tablets, do not buried deep, it should be moved into other fumigation stacks to continue decomposition. The removed curtain should be blown to air at the air flow. The library was ventilated for 3 days before normal operation was performed when no phosphine residue was detected. |
| poisoning treatment | , intravenous infusion of polarized liquid, protect the heart, liver and kidney function, prevent pulmonary edema and other treatment. No matter inhalation or oral poisoning are contraindicated with the solution of phosphorus, phosphorus chloride treatment.|
| toxicity | immediately after poisoning, the patient presented with retrosternal pain, upper abdominal pain, burning of Fever of the whole body, loss of consciousness and decreased blood pressure. Should be strictly prevented from sucking into the human body, avoid contact with the skin. The whole production process should be completely sealed and well ventilated. Production workers should wear protective equipment. If there is leakage of phosphine gas, you must immediately wear a gas mask for treatment. |
| purpose | is fumigation insecticide, which can not only fumigate raw grain, finished grain, but also fumigate seed grain and various storage equipment. It is also used to kill insects in other closed places, rodent hole and tree-trunk anti-ailment etc. Grain fumigation dosage of 10~30 g/t grain; Warehouse fumigation when the general dosage of 1~4 tablets/m3. insecticide, mainly used for granary fumigation |
| production method | synthesis method the red phosphorus and aluminum powder are uniformly mixed according to the ratio of ingredients, and then ignited and burned to react to generate aluminum phosphide, the reactant was crushed, and then added with a slow release agent ammonium carbamate and a binder, mixed and then compressed to obtain a finished aluminum phosphide. Pa 4Al → 4AlP |
| category | flammable articles in water |
| toxicity grade | highly toxic |
| Acute toxicity | oral-human TDL0: 21 mg/kg; Oral-rat TDL0: 10 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | flammable in water; In air and acid, production of flammable and highly toxic phosphine gas from water |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from acid |
| extinguishing agent | dry sand, dry powder |
| Occupational Standard | TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3; TWA 2 mg/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:04:16
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Raw Materials for RCRA waste number P006